Genetic characterization of Plasmodium vivax isolates from Pakistan using circumsporozoite protein (pvcsp) and merozoite surface protein-1 (pvmsp-1) genes as genetic markers

Abstract Background Plasmodium vivax contributes to over 70% malaria burden in Pakistan, but limited data exists on various aspects including genetic diversity of the parasite as compared other parts world. Since information about P. assists understand population dynamics parasite, current study was designed divergence Pakistan using circumsporozoite protein (pvcsp) and merozoite surface protein-1 (pvmsp-1) genes molecular markers. Methods The PCR for pvcsp pvmsp-1 carried out 150 isolates, followed by DNA sequencing 35 30, respectively. Genetic polymorphism were analysed ChromasPro, ClustalW, MEGA7, DnaSP v.5 WebLogo programs. Results isolates resulting products 1100 bp ~ 400 genes, In central-repeat region (CRR) gene, sequences comprised four variable repeats PRMs, which GDRADGQPA (PRM1), GDRAAGQPA (PRM2) more extensively dispersed among isolates. Partial (~ bp) block 2 gene depicted high level diversity. Conclusion results revealed especially at CRR base-line presented here warrants future studies investigate into with large sample size from across country better understanding that will help control individual community level.